Circuit Switching

  • Basis for traditional telephone networks
  • Creates a temporary and dedicated link of fixed bandwidth between the source and destination
  • Guarantees the quality of transmission through dedicated bandwidth
    • Excelled for data requiring a constant end-to-end link, i.e., real-time video
    • although bandwidth can be wasted

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Typical circuit switching example.

Packet Switching

  • Breaks streams of data into smaller blocks and sends them independently
  • At each node, packets are sent through whatever route the node decides is the least congested
    • Maximised bandwidth but does not guarantee quality of transmission
    • Re-ordered at destination
  • More affordable and efficient as bandwidth can be used at once and requires a less complex infrastructure

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Typical packet switching example.

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Packet switching example with destroyed packet (not send by node).

Comparison

Circuit Switching

  • Physical path between source and destination
  • All packets use the same path
  • Reserves bandwidth in advance
  • Can cause a lot of bandwidth wastage
  • No store and forward transmission

Primarily used in telecom communication.

Packet Switching

  • No physical path
  • Packets travel independently
  • Does not reserve bandwidth
  • No bandwidth wastage
  • Supports store and forward transmission